Should Cigarettes Be Illegal

Will Congress, or various states, begin to ban the sale and distribution of cigarettes? Latest Developments According to a recent Zogby poll, 45% of those surveyed supported a ban on cigarettes within the next 5-10 years. Among respondents aged 18-29, the figure was 57%. History Cigarette bans are nothing new. Several states (such as Tennessee and Utah) enacted bans on tobacco near the end of the 19th century, and various municipalities have more recently banned indoor smoking in restaurants and other public places. Pros 1. Under Supreme Court precedent, a federal ban on cigarettes passed by Congress would almost unquestionably be constitutional. Federal drug regulations operate under the authority of Article, Section 8, Clause 3 of the U.S. Constitution, better known as the Commerce Clause, which reads: The Congress shall have power ... To regulate commerce with foreign nations, and among the several states, and with the Indian tribes ... de facto Gonzales v. Raich Justice John Paul Stevens Congress could have rationally concluded that the aggregate impact on the national market of all the transactions exempted from federal supervision is unquestionably substantial. 2. Cigarettes pose a grave public health hazard. As Terry Martin, About.coms Quit Smoking Guide, explains: Cigarettes pose a wide range of health risks, including blindness, stroke, heart attacks, osteoporosis, and more forms of cancer and lung disease than you can shake a stick at.Cigarettes contain 599 additives, and function as a delivery system for toxic chemicals and carcinogens.Nicotine is highly addictive. secondhand smoke even nonsmokers Cons 1. The individual right to privacy should allow people to harm their own bodies with dangerous drugs, should they choose to do so. While the government has the power to enact public smoking bans, there is no legitimate basis for laws restricting private smoking. We may as well pass laws prohibiting people from eating too much, or sleeping too little, or skipping medication, or taking on high-stress jobs. Laws regulating personal conduct can be justified on three grounds: The Harm Principle, which states that laws are justified if they prevent individuals from causing harm to others. For strict civil libertarians, this is the only legitimate basis of law. Examples of Harm Principle laws include the vast bulk of the criminal code--laws dealing with murder, robbery, assault, fraud, and so forth.Morality Law, which prevent individuals from engaging in conduct that is offensive to the sensibilities of those in power, regardless of whether or not it harms others. Most Morality Law statutes have something to do with sex. Examples of Morality Laws include most obscenity laws, sodomy laws, and laws banning same-sex marriage.Paternalism, which prevents individuals from engaging in conduct that is harmful to themselves. While Morality Law tends to be a conservative idea, the logic of Paternalism is generally more common among liberals. Examples of Paternalism laws include, well, laws regulating private drug use. The logic of Paternalism (Stop or youll go blind! ) is also frequently used in conjunction with Morality Law to regulate sexual activities. civil liberties Declaration of Independence 2. Tobacco is essential to the economy of many rural communities. As documented in a 2000 USDA report, restrictions on tobacco-related products do have a substantial impact on local economies. The report did not examine the potential effects of a full-scale ban, but even existing regulation poses an economic threat: Public health policies intended to reduce the incidence of smoking-related disease adversely affect thousands of tobacco farmers, manufacturers, and other businesses that produce, distribute, and sell tobacco products ... Many tobacco farmers lack good alternatives to tobacco, and they have tobacco-specific equipment, buildings, and experience. Where It Stands Regardless of the arguments pro and con, a federal ban on cigarettes is a practical impossibility. Consider: Approximately 45 million Americans smoke.When voter turnout in 2004 (the highest since 1968) was only 125 million, any smoking ban would have such an overwhelmingly massive effect on U.S. politics that the party or politician responsible for the ban would soon lose all political power.The government simply does not have adequate law enforcement personnel to change the behavior of 45 million people by force.The tobacco lobby is one of the most powerful political forces in America.When California proposed a new 2006 tax referendum on tobacco extraction, tobacco companies were able to painlessly drop almost $70 million in advertisements to defeat it. To put this in perspective: Remember in 2004, when everybody talked about what a dynamo Howard Dean was because of his unparalleled fund-raising ability? Well, he raised $51 million. But it is still worth asking ourselves: If its wrong to ban cigarettes, then why isnt it just as wrong to ban other addictive drugs, such as marijuana?

The Brewing Co Of Michigan Breweries - 1284 Words

Over the last 20 plus years, there has been a rapidly growing number of craft breweries in the United States, including the State of Michigan. According to the official State of Michigan – Pure Michigan website (http://www.michigan.org/breweries/), â€Å"The craft beer craze is sweeping Michigan, making it fifth in the nation in the number of breweries, microbreweries and brewpubs.† The Michigan Beer Guide (2016), lists 259 different craft brewers in its current issue. While there seem to be many success stories, there are also examples of Michigan breweries that have gone out of business. According to Steven R. Reed (2013), â€Å"Michigan Brewing Co. founder †¦ took the Webberville company into bankruptcy this week, seven months after one of 300-plus creditors forced the auction of his equipment along with brands that had developed a statewide following.† As a personal observer of this story during its unfolding, to casual appearances, this was a busy, successful micro-brewery. This micro-brewery was one of the first in Michigan to take advantage of the growing popularity of the niche, yet suffered an untimely end. Craft breweries can, obviously, fail like any other business enterprise. One of the reputed benefits which have allowed the new craft beer industry to grow and thrive is the better profit margins possible for making beer and ale on premises. Business scholars Kleban Nickerson (2011) have noted that â€Å"Since 2006, the craft beer industry has been able toShow MoreRelatedThe New Face And The Beer Industry1264 Words   |  6 Pagesover taps. Michigan alone has over a hundred different breweries. The economic system is on a rise, because of the new style of beer coming to supermarkets and party stores. There are also new jobs being created by the tourism of all the new tap houses opening up. Microbreweries is a new business that is making changes to alcohol production, it is creating jobs, boosting the economy, and demolishing the monopolization of the beer industry. There are many different microbrewers in Michigan. AccordingRead MoreBrewery Vivant Essay6207 Words   |  25 PagesMARKETING BUDGET 19 PLAN CONTROL 19 SOURCES 21 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This paper examines opportunities for Brewery Vivant, a regional brewery in Grand Rapids, Michigan, to increase sales to reach their target of 5,000 barrels a year. An analysis of the company’s market positioning within the industry, current marketing mix, SWOT analysis and interviews were conducted. Brewery Vivant is part of the craft brew industry, a segment that continues to outpace overall beer consumption. There areRead MoreDesign Firm Loyal Supply Co.1969 Words   |  8 PagesDESIGN FIRM LOYAL SUPPLY CO. OPENS NEW RETAIL STORE IN UNION SQUARE, SOMERVILLE. 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Read MoreOrganizational Structure of Tsingtao and Heineken5516 Words   |  23 PagesBackground of Tsingtao â€Å"Tsingtao Brewery Co., Ltd., one of the oldest beer producers in China, was founded in 1903 by German and British merchants under the name Nordic Brewery Co., Ltd. Tsingtao Branch. Tsingtao Brewery was the sponsor of the Beijing Olympics in 2008. The brand value of Tsingtao Beer is as high as RMB 36.625 billion, making Tsingtao Brewery the top Chinese beer company among the world’s top 500 brands. On July 15, 1993, Tsingtao Brewery became the first-ever Chinese companyRead More Executive Summary of Anheuser-Busch Companies, Inc. Essay3938 Words   |  16 Pagesbrand worldwide and making selected investments in leading brewers in key international beer growth markets. The company has made significant marketing investments to build Budweiser brand recognition outside the United States and operates overseas breweries in China and the United Kingdom. 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Our passion for coffee means applying our coffee expertise and the highest standards of excellence to every detail of the coffee, from selecting and roasting the beans, to brewing the perfect cup of coffee. He added, At the same time, our people are highly valued partners in creating the unique Starbucks Experience. It is 1 Business Wire. â€Å"Starbucks Celebrates First Store Opening In Shenzhen; Starbucks Brings Coffee PassionRead MoreStarbucks Entry to China10678 Words   |  43 PagesStarbucks brand lies in two very important cornerstones our coffee and our people. Our passion for coffee means applying our coffee expertise and the highest standards of excellence to every detail of the coffee, from selecting and roasting the beans, to brewing the perfect cup of coffee. He added, At the same time, our people are highly valued partners in creating the unique Starbucks Experience. It is 1 Business Wire. â€Å"Starbucks Celebrates First Store Opening In Shenzhen; Starbucks Brings Coffee Passion

Changes to the United States from 1770-1870 free essay sample

The United States changed so many things from 1770 to 1870. The population increased drastically, from 2,148,100 in 1770 to 38,558,371 in 1870. The increase in population is caused by immigration of people to the US and slavery was another cause. Slavery and population had a big effect on the next 100 years of the United States history. The US also changed diversely with new innovations like roads, waterways, railroads, steamboats, and refrigerated railroad cars. A few new innovations that changed or improved from 1776 to 1870 are the roadways, waterways, railroads, steamboats, and refrigerated railroad cars. Roadways were an innovation that created a way for easier, and faster transportation. Waterways were also a way for transportation, to cut out a lot of lands, and cut out time. Waterways are a faster way for trade and barter. Steamboats were what pioneers used to travel down the waterways to trade and sell goods. Railroads were still used for closer travel, with items that did not need to get there as fast as possible, because railroad cars do not move very fast, although the steam engine improved the speed of transportation also. We will write a custom essay sample on Changes to the United States from 1770-1870 or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The United States did make rather large changes over 100 years, from 1776 to 1870. It all started with the signing of the Declaration of Independence, which lead to us fighting for our freedom. During this period of time the constitution was ratified, the Revolutionary war ends, and the Louisiana Purchase takes place. Factories advanced and cities were industrializing, and many different machines were invented that changed the way the industrial world worked. Women played an important role in the changes that were made in the US during this century. Women were not just the â€Å"stay at home and clean† women anymore, they were allowed to join the workforce and take on roles that before, only the men were allowed to have. The constitution was ratified during this time also.The United States changed in so many ways over a century. People grew in knowledge and ability to create these machines that changed the workforce. Factories were improved and the cities industrialized and caused many people to migrate to the US causing the population to increase drastically. Slavery had always been a big issue in the US, and it was decreased immensely, although the blacks were still segregated. The machines that were built innovated the way the people thought and created a new ballpark for new innovators to create new things to keep the world moving forward.

Narrative Design of Fargo free essay sample

The 1996 film, Fargo was directed and written by Joel and Ethan Coen. Unlike many films, Fargo was not filmed in a linear pattern; instead, Fargo was filmed in an episodic pattern with three sets of characters that gradually flow into one linear path. Fargo also has an unusual set of characters, with the true roles of the protagonist and antagonist being shown and understood towards the middle of the film. The film was set in 1987 and took place mainly in Brainerd, Minnesota. The film focuses on the characters and the details of the plot, rather than the subject and story itself, to allow the audience to perceive the film as a case investigation using an omniscient narration with the camera. The first part of film focuses a lot on the characters and how they relate to one another by case and effect. There are three main characters in the film are: Jerry Lundegaard, Carl Showalter, and Marge Gunderson. We will write a custom essay sample on Narrative Design of Fargo or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Jerry Lundegaard, a car salesmen who is in desperate need of money, he arranges to have his wife kidnapped to get money from his wealthy father-in-law. Carl Showalter and his partner Gaear Grimsrud are the hired kidnappers that gets into trouble and causes three homicides of a police, and two passersby. The murders results to a local police, Marge Gunderson to trace and investigate the event. Other than the three round characters, the film also contains a few flat characters like the two girls at the bar who slept with Carl Showalter and Gaear Grimsrud and was later interviewed by Marge. The girls were minor characters, and their characters were given one dimension. Up until this point, the protagonist and the antagonist of the film are still unclear. We see Jerry Lundegaard as the protagonist and Carl Showalter and Gaear Grimsrud as the antagonist. But as Marge starts the investigation and when she tried to question Jerry Lundegaard, the audience starts to see that Marge is the true protagonist, while Jerry Lundegaard serves as the antagonist who was the cause of the three homicides, the missing car, and his wifes kidnapping. The second part of the film, after Marge interviews the two girls at the bar. The films episodic pattern starts to follow a linear path. After the interview, Marge was able to track down the car Carl Showalter and Gaear  Grimsrud were driving to Jerrys car dealership, where she questions him about the missing car. Jerry Lundegaard denies the missing car at first, but then flees out and tries to escape when Marge convinces Jerry to do an inventory check. This causes Marge to call the police to arrest Jerry Lundegaard. Then on the way back to Brainerd, Marge spots the missing car from Jerrys dealership and finds Gaear Grimsrud getting rid of Carl Showalters body, and arrests him. The film has a first person narration with both an omniscient and restricted view. Through first person narration, we only see and know what the character informs us; therefore allowing the audience to feel like Marge under a case investigation, getting only the information provided by the character and suspect. So far the plot of the film has allowed the audience to understand the basic organization and events of the film. In the beginning, the audience where able to see Jerry Lundegaard asking Carl Showalter and Gaear Grimsrud to kidnap his wife in exchange for money and a car. Then in the rising action, we see Jerry Lundegaards father-in-law finally accepting his proposal of buying a 40-acre land to build a parking lot. Just when the plot seemed to have a positive change, we hit the climax, and we see that Carl Showalter and Gaear Grimsrud has killed three people after kidnapping Jerrys wife, and is asking for more money than the original deal. The n in the falling action, Jerrys father-in-law decides to find Carl Showalter by himself despite what Jerry said of Carl Showalter and Gaear Grimsrud only wanting to deal and speak with him. Jerrys father-in-law meets with Carl and demands him to hand over his daughter first, while Carl demands him to hand him the money first. Upset, Carl shoots Jerrys father-in-law. Jerrys father-in-law shoots back at Carl, which provoked him even more and kills Jerrys father-in-law. In conclusion, Marge arrested Gaear after he killed Carl, and Jerry was found and arrested at a hotel. Though the plot of the film started with Jerry meeting with Carl and Gaear for the first time and ended with the antagonists being arrested and Marge going back home with her husband, the story did not. We see that the storyof the film starting when Jerry Lundegaard first realized that he is in debt and that he is in desperate need for money. The film also allows the audience to perceive their own ending of the films story, for the audience to determine whether or not both Jerry and Gaear are being sent to prison, and whether or not Jerrys wife is alive. Diegetic and non-diegetic elements in the film helps enhance the characters emotions. The sound effects used when gunshots were made by Carl, Gaear, and Wade enhanced the actions made by the character to add a dramatic effect. Background music also plays an important role. The song Big City by Merle Haggard was played when Jerry traveled to Fargo for the first time to meet Carl and Gaear, and the song Lets Find Each Other Tonight was played when Carl and Gaear were escorted by the two girls at the bar (Fargo (film).) The music and titles help perceive the characters feelings and emotions, as well as being about to better describe the situation they are in. The narrative design in the beginning of the film was a bit unusual, with the confusion of the protagonist and antagonist. This twist allows the audience to see a radical change in the characters and to fully understand the characters roles. This way of narrative design also allows the viewers to understand the theme that people are not always what they seem, just as how the character Jerry was not who he seemed to be.